Hamas

1. Introduction

Hamas whose full name Harakat al-Muqawamah al-Islamiyya is a Palestinian Islamist organization and political party . It is mainly active in the Gaza Strip and is known for its armed struggle against Israel.

2. Establishment and history

Establishment of Hamas 1987 It was founded in 1918 , when the first Intifada (Palestinian uprising) began. It developed as a branch of the Muslim Brotherhood. Its founders included Sheikh Ahmed Yassin , Abd al-Aziz al-Rantisi, and Mohammed Taha were prominent.

3. Ideology and objectives

Hamas is an Islamic organization , whose main objectives are:

• The elimination of Israel and the transformation of all of Palestine into an Islamic state.
• Armed resistance against Israel.
• To impose Islamic rule on the Palestinian territories (Gaza and West Bank).
• Implementation of Sharia law.

4. Structure of Hamas

Hamas is divided into two main branches:

1. Political Branch – It performs diplomatic activities in different countries and contributes to social services.
2. Military wing (Al-Qassam Brigades) – It wages armed struggle against Israel and carries out attacks.

5. Major events

• 1993 – Opposed the Oslo Accords.
• 2006 – Hamas wins the Palestinian elections.
• 2007 – Hamas drives the Palestinian Authority ( PA) out of Gaza and takes full control.
• 2008, 2012, 2014, 2021 – Fierce wars took place between Israel and Hamas.
• 7 October 2023 – Hamas launches a major attack on Israel , sparking the Israel–Hamas War.

6. International recognition and controversy

• Countries like America , European Union , Israel , Canada , Japan etc. have banned Hamas. Terrorist organizations Has been declared.
• Some countries , such as Turkey , Iran , Qatar, etc. , support Hamas.
• The United Nations considers the conflict between Hamas and Israel a complex political issue.

7. Current influence of Hamas

Hamas currently rules the Gaza Strip and has significant influence in the political situation in Palestine. It remains one of the major factions involved in the conflict with Israel.

8. Conclusion

Hamas is a controversial organization that some consider a Independence struggle some consider it a group doing work , while others consider it a Terrorist organizations It continues to be in conflict with Israel and the West , and its future will play an important role in Middle Eastern politics.

Hamas: A Detailed Introduction

1. Introduction

Hamas , whose full name ” Harakat al-Muqawamah al-Islamiyya” ( Harakat al-Muqawamah al-Islamiyya) is a Palestinian Islamic organization and political party . It is mainly gaza strip It is active in the U.S. and is known for its struggle against Israel. Hamas is considered a terrorist by some countries. Terrorist organizations believe it , while some symbol of freedom struggle I believe it.

2. Establishment and history

Founding of Hamas 1987 It happened in , when the first The Intifada ( Palestinian uprising) had begun. It was It was established as a branch of the Muslim Brotherhood .

Its main founders were three persons:

1. Sheikh Ahmed Yaseen
2. Abd al-Aziz al-Rantisi
3. mohammed taha

The purpose of establishing Hamas Conflict against Israel and to Palestine Islamic Nation Had to make it.

3. Ideology and objectives

Hamas’ ideology is based on Islamic principles. Its main objectives are the following:
✔️ The end of Israel and the unification of Palestine Islamic State Make.
✔️ For the Palestinian people Political and military conflicts Keep it going.
✔️ establish Islamic rule and Sharia law To implement.
✔️ Against Israel Rocket attacks and suicide attacks to do.

4. Structure of Hamas

Hamas is divided into two main factions:

A. Political branch

 It is the organisation’s Social and administrative work She watches.
✔️ In the Palestinian territories Education , health and social services ✔️
​ Internationally Political relations Makes it.

B. Military wing (Al-Qassam Brigades)

 This is Hamas’ Armed unit it is.
✔️ Against Israel Armed assaults and rocket attacks She does it.
✔️ It is being viewed by Israel and Western countries Terrorist groups I believe it.

5. Major events and conflicts

There have been several major clashes between Hamas and Israel , the major incidents of which have included:

 1993 – Hamas opposes the Oslo Accords and launches suicide attacks.
📌 2006 – Hamas wins Palestinian elections and forms government.
📌 2007 – Hamas takes control of the Gaza Strip.
📌 2008-2009 – The first major war between Israel and Hamas took place.
📌 2012, 2014, 2021 – There were many wars between Israel and Hamas , in which there was heavy loss of life and property.
📌 October 7 , 2023 – Hamas launches a major attack on Israel , killing thousands and sparking a new war.

6. International recognition and disputes

There are different opinions about Hamas around the world:

 Israel , the United States , the European Union , Canada and Japan – Hamas Terrorist organizations I agree.
✔️ Turkey , Iran , Qatar and some other Islamic countries support Hamas and consider it an organization fighting for the freedom of Palestine
. ✔️ The United Nations has called the conflict between Hamas and Israel a “crisis” Complex political controversies He accepts it.

7. Current influence of Hamas

 Hamas is currently gaza strip is ruling over.
✅ It is playing a major role in the conflict with Israel.
✅ in the Gaza Strip due to recent attacks and wars Humanitarian crisis It is increasing.

8. Conclusion

Hamas is a controversial organization
. some people it Freedom Fighter believe it , then some Terrorist organizations Let’s see it as.
🔹 It continues to have conflicts with Israel and Western countries.
🔹 Its future Middle East politics and the Israel–Palestine conflict will play an important role in.

History of Hamas

Hamas: Detailed description of the founding and history

Establishment of Hamas: Background

Establishment of Hamas 1987 It was built in , but the background for its construction had started forming several decades before that.

1. Beginning of the Arab-Israeli conflict ( 1948)

When Israel was created in 1948 , Arab countries and the Palestinian community opposed it. Several wars broke out between Israel and its neighboring Arab countries , and Israel occupied the Palestinian territories (Gaza and the West Bank). This conflict gave rise to the Palestinian independence movement.

2. Muslim Brotherhood and Hamas

Roots of Hamas Muslim Brotherhood ( Egypt-based Muslim Brotherhood) , was an Islamic organization that was founded in Egypt in 1928. The main objective of the Muslim Brotherhood was to establish a regime based on Islamic law (Sharia).

In the 1950s and 1960s , the organization also became influential in the Palestinian territories and established a number of social and religious institutions in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank.

Establishment of Hamas: First Intifada of 1987

1. 1987: The First Intifada and the Birth of Hamas

The first in the Palestinian territories against Israel in 1987 Intifada​ That is, a mass uprising broke out. The reason for this uprising was the killing of some Palestinian civilians in Gaza by the Israeli army. It was during this uprising that Establishment of Hamas Hui.

Hamas was officially declared 14 December 1987 to Sheikh Founded by Ahmed Yassin , Abd al-Aziz al-Rantisi , and Mohammed Taha.

2. Hamas’s objective

Hamas’ goal was not just to oppose Israel , but to create a Islamic Nation The aim was to create a Palestinian state and bring the Palestinian territories under Islamic rule. This organization Fatah ( Fatah) It was different from secular groups like the Islamic Communist Party and was based entirely on Islamic principles.

Hamas’ early period ( 1987–1993)

1. Armed conflict against Israel

1988, Hamas issued its first official charter , in which it declared war on Israel Destroyed And talked about making the whole of Palestine an Islamic state.

Hamas defeated Suicide attacks and armed conflict and started attacking Israeli forces and civilians.

2. Oslo Accords ( 1993) and opposition to Hamas

In 1993 , between the Palestinian Liberation Organization ( PLO) and Israel Oslo Peace Agreement It happened.
✔️ Under this agreement , the Palestinian Authority ( PA) was created and given limited autonomy in the West Bank and Gaza.
❌ Hamas violated the agreement Oppose did it and it against the independence of Palestine told.

Political evolution of Hamas ( 2000–2006)

1. Second Intifada ( 2000-2005)

✔️ in 2000 , in the Palestinian territories Second Intifada It has begun.
✔️ During this time Hamas Suicide attacks and rocket attacks on Israeli forces I increased it faster.
✔️ Israel has Several Hamas leaders were killed , including Sheikh Ahmed Yasin ( 2004) and Abd al-Aziz al-Rantisi ( 2004) .

2. 2006 Palestinian elections and Hamas’ victory

✔️ In the 2006 Palestinian parliamentary elections Hamas has a majority ✔️
​ Hamas defeated Fatah and took power , which brought a major change in Palestinian politics.

Hamas control over Gaza ( 2007– present)

1. Civil war between Fatah and Hamas ( 2007)

✔️ In 2007 , violent clashes broke out between Hamas and Fatah , known as
the Palestinian Civil War . ✔️ Hamas defeated Full control over the Gaza Strip did it , while Fatah Ruling the West Bank I did it.
✔️ Since then, Gaza has been governed by the Hamas government , while the West Bank is ruled by the Palestinian Authority ( PA) .

2. War between Israel and Hamas ( 2008-2023)

There have been several major clashes between Hamas and Israel:
📌 2008-09: Israel attacks Gaza.
📌 2012: There was a war between Hamas and Israel.
📌 2014: The war continued for 50 days , in which there was heavy loss of life.
📌 2021: The 11 day war took place.
📌 7 October 2023: Hamas launched a major attack on Israel , which again sparked war.

conclusion

Establishment of Hamas Conflict against Israel And impose Islamic rule ✔️It started
as an armed organization in
1987. ✔️In 2006 it Political power became and took control of Gaza.
✔️ The conflict between Hamas and Israel continues , and its influence is very significant in Middle East politics.

Ideology and Objectives

Hamas: A detailed description of ideology and objectives

1. Ideology of Hamas

Hamas is one Islamic Organization Its ideology is based on Islamic principles , Jihad (struggle) and Palestinian nationalism. Its ideology is mainly based on It is influenced by the Muslim Brotherhood , an international Islamic movement.

Hamas believes that:
✔️ Palestine is one Islamic lands , which needs to be liberated from Israel
. ✔️ Israel’s existence is illegitimate and must be ended.
✔️ Jihad (struggle) is the only way to freedom for Palestine.
✔️ On Palestine Islamic rule should be implemented and it should be run under Sharia law.

Hamas defeated In 1988, we issued our Charter , in which its ideology was clarified .

2. Key points of Hamas’ manifesto ( 1988 Charter)

A. Opposition to Israel

 According to Hamas , Israel is an illegal state , which has forcibly occupied Palestinian land
. 📌 The organization believes that any cooperation with Israel The peace agreement cannot be recognised .
 This is not against the Jewish people , but Zionist ideology is against.

B. The necessity of jihad (struggle)

 Hamas believes that the only way to liberate Palestine Jihad (Islamic struggle) it is.
📌 Hamas uses suicide attacks , rocket attacks, and armed conflict valid He accepts it.
📌 The organization says that the conflict in Palestine is not just a Not a political fight , but a religious duty is also there.

C. Establishment of Islamic State

 Hamas is a terrorist group in Palestine Islamic State wants to establish a country where Sharia law is applicable.
📌 This gives Palestine a Islamic Nation Working to create it.

D. Anti-Semitism and anti-Westernism

 Hamas believes that Western countries (particularly the United States) Support Israel And they do injustice to Palestinians.
📌 The organization expressed anti-Semitic views in its initial manifesto , although it was slightly modified in 2017 Revised to be done.

3. Main objectives of Hamas

A. End of Israel and independence of Palestine

 of Hamas Main Objective The whole of Palestine has to be liberated from Israeli occupation.
✔️ Hamas seeks the restoration of pre- 1948 Palestine , which includes today’s Israel.
✔️ The organization believes that Israel’s complete elimination This is the only true way to freedom for Palestine.

B. Militant Resistance and Jihad

 Hamas believes that There should be no negotiations or peace agreements with Israel .
✔️ The organization has several times Suicide attacks , rocket attacks and armed conflict ✔️
​ of Hamas Al-Qassam Brigades It has a military wing , which carries out attacks against Israel.

C. Ruling the Gaza Strip and the West Bank

✔️ After winning the elections in 2006, Hamas control over the Gaza Strip I did it.
✔️ Organizations in the Palestinian territories Strengthening his rule wants it.
✔️ Hamas also seeks to take control of the West Bank , which is ruled by the Palestinian Authority ( PA) .

D. Islamic society and enforcement of Sharia law

 Hamas’ goal Making Palestine an Islamic State it is.
✔️ The organization wants that throughout Palestine Islamic education , Islamic justice system and Sharia law should be implemented .
✔️ Hamas tries to enforce Islamic laws for women and youth.

E. Obtaining international cooperation and support

 To Hamas Support from Iran , Turkey , Qatar and some other Islamic countries It is available.
✔️ Organization Economic , military and political cooperation with Islamic countries wants it.
✔️ Hamas has been banned by many countries Terrorist organizations has declared it , so it secretly gets help from its allies.

4. Change in Hamas’ ideology ( after 2017 )

2017 Hamas slightly revised its manifesto modified And added some new things:
📌 Hamas said its struggle Not against Judaism , but against the Israeli regime it is.
📌 The organization first established itself within its borders in 1967. Willingness to accept an independent Palestinian state expressed , but refused to recognize Israel
. Hamas, along with the Palestinian Liberation Organization ( PLO), signs of reconciliation Given.

However , Hamas’ There was no change in armed tactics and hardline policy towards Israel .

5. Conclusion

The ideology and objectives of Hamas make it a radical islamic organization Let’s make it.
✔️ Its main goal The destruction of Israel and the establishment of Islamic rule in Palestine it is.
✔️ it Armed struggle and jihad adopts this as his strategy.
✔️ Some countries to Hamas Terrorist organizations believe it , while some symbol of freedom struggle I believe it.

Although there have been some changes in Hamas’s strategy over time , its The underlying ideology is still based on radical Islamic nationalism and armed struggle .

Structure of Hamas

Detailed description of the structure of Hamas

Hamas is one Multidisciplinary Organization , the structure of which is divided into three main parts :

1. Military Wing
2. Political Wing
3. & Religious Wing

Through these three branches, Hamas Palestinian society , politics and armed struggle It controls the .

1. Political Structure of Hamas

Hamas is not only a military organization , it also has a strong Political framework , under which it participates in Palestinian politics.

A. Shura Council

 Shura Council Hamas’s highest policy-making body it is.
✔️ It is the organisation’s Strategies , policies and programmes ✔️
​ It includes representatives from different regions (Gaza , West Bank , Lebanon , Qatar , Turkey and other countries).

B. Political Bureau

 this is Hamas’s Main administrative and decision-making body it is.
✔️ It is the organisation’s Foreign policy , finance , military strategy and political relations ✔️
​ its chief He is the supreme
leader of Hamas . ✔️ currently Ismail Haniyeh He is the head of Hamas’s political bureau.

C. Gaza Administration

✔️ Hamas after a conflict with Fatah in 2007 Full control over the Gaza Strip I did it.
✔️ Hamas in Gaza Runs the administration like an independent government .
✔️ This includes the Prime Minister , ministers , police , courts and other government institutions.

2. Military Structure of Hamas

the military wing of Hamas Armed conflict against Israel It is designed for . It is divided into different levels.

A. Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades

 This is Hamas’ Main military branch it is.
✔️ It was established in 1991 and it Armed conflict , suicide attacks , rocket attacks and guerrilla warfare ✔️
​ near this branch There are thousands of fighters who are completely dedicated to Hamas
. ✔️ near it Rockets , explosives , mines and other modern weapons There are.

B. Security Forces

 Hamas in Gaza They have created their own police and security forces .
✔️ These forces maintain public order and strengthen Hamas’ power.
✔️ It also includes Special Forces and intelligence units .

C. Tunnel Network

 Hamas has launched attacks below the borders of Israel and Egypt Tunnels​ Has created a huge network of.
✔️ use of these tunnels For attacks on Israel , arms smuggling, and military activities inside Gaza It is done.

3. Social & Religious Structure of Hamas

Hamas is only one Military and political organization Not only is it deeply ingrained in Palestinian society , but it is also deeply rooted in Palestinian society.

A. Social Welfare Organizations

 Hamas to strengthen its hold among the Palestinian people Various social services ✔️
​ According to this Schools , hospitals , mosques , orphanages and food distribution centers ✔️
​ It also gives financial help to the poor and the suffering.

B. Religious Institutions

 Hamas to promote Islamic ideology Mosques and religious schools ✔️
​ It tries to enforce Islamic law (Sharia).
✔️ The organization’s religious leaders inspire the public to support Hamas’s objectives.

4. Financial Structure of Hamas

Hamas for its operations Financial assistance from various sources receives it.

A. International Financial Aid ( International Funding)

 To Hamas Iran , Qatar , Turkey and other Islamic countries Financial assistance is provided by
 Iran sends Hamas to war every year Millions of dollars in military and economic aid provides.

B. Taxes & Business

 Hamas Imposes tax on trade and business in the Gaza Strip .
✔️ It receives funding from local industries and businessmen.

C. Weapons & Smuggling Network

 Hamas is looking for weapons and other materials Underground network for smuggling ✔️
​ It uses tunnels to bring in weapons and other essential materials from Egypt and other countries.

5. Conclusion of the structure of Hamas

 Hamas is an organized political , military and social organization , which works for the independence of Palestine and the establishment of Islamic rule.
✔️ Its Political Bureau formulates the policies of the organisation , while Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades It handles military operations.
✔️ Hamas’ regime in Gaza acts like an independent government .
✔️ organization to strengthen its hold He is also involved in social and religious activities .
✔️ Financially it is International donations , tax collection and smuggling receives funds from.

Major Events of Hamas

Since the formation of Hamas , the organization has become an important force in the Palestine-Israel conflict. Its activities have Political , military and diplomatic The major events related to Hamas are detailed below in chronological order.

1. Establishment of Hamas ( 1987) and the First Intifada ( First Intifada, 1987-1993)

✔️ In 1987 , in the Palestinian territories Massive protests against Israel began , which is called the “
First Intifada “. ✔️ At this time , in December 1987 Sheikh Ahmed Yassin and other leaders founded Hamas.
✔️ Hamas in the conflict Armed attacks and Islamic ideology , due to which this organization soon became popular.
✔️ During this time , Hamas launched several Suicide attacks and armed attacks Was carried out.

2. 1993: Oslo Accords and opposition to Hamas

✔️ In 1993 , between the Palestinian Liberation Organization ( PLO) and Israel Oslo Peace Agreement , in which the Palestinian Authority ( PA) was given autonomous rule.
✔️ Hamas violated the agreement Opposed because it recognised Israel as a legitimate state
. ✔️ Hamas has used it for Palestine Betrayal and intensified his attacks against Israel.

3. 1994-1996: Suicide attacks and Israeli response

✔️ In 1994 , Israeli extremists Baruch Goldstein by 29 Palestinian Muslims killed in a mosque in Hebron I did it.
✔️ In response, Hamas Several suicide attacks in Israel ✔️ Until 1996 , Hamas attacks
 Hundreds of Israeli civilians were killed , prompting Israel to take harsh action against Hamas.

4. 2000-2005: Second Intifada and increasing violence

✔️ In 2000 , Israeli leader Ariel Sharon The Second Intifada began
after ISIS visited the Al-Aqsa Mosque (Jerusalem). ✔️ Meanwhile, Hamas has There have been several major suicide attacks inside Israel .
✔️ In 2004 , Israel Sheikh Ahmed Yassin, founder of Hamas and his successors Abd al-Aziz al-Rantisi of Killed in an airstrike ✔️
In 2005 , Israel​ withdrew its troops from the Gaza Strip , but Hamas saw it as a victory and strengthened its hold on Gaza.

5. 2006: Hamas victory in Palestinian elections and power struggle

✔️ In 2006 , Hamas Palestinians win landslide victory in parliamentary elections recorded , which makes it The largest party in the Palestinian government It’s done.
✔️ But a power struggle began between Hamas and Fatah ( PLO) , which increased instability in Palestinian politics.
✔️ In 2007 , a power struggle broke out between Hamas and Fatah . Civil War happened , in which hundreds of people were killed.
✔️ Ultimately, Hamas took full control of the Gaza Strip , while Fatah West Bank He continued to rule in.

6. 2008-2009: First Gaza War ( Gaza War – Operation Cast Lead)

✔️ In 2008 , Hamas Multiple rocket attacks on Israel in response to which Israel Massive air and ground assault on Gaza (Operation Cast Lead) I did it.
✔️ In this war over 1,400 Palestinians were killed , while 13 Israeli soldiers were also killed .
✔️ The Gaza Strip suffered heavy damage , but Hamas maintained its hold.

7. 2012: Operation Pillar of Defense

 In November 2012 , Israel assassinated Hamas’ military chief Ahmed Jabri was murdered.
✔️ Then from Gaza to Israel Hundreds of rockets were fired , and Israel launched retaliatory airstrikes.
✔️ In this struggle 160 Palestinian and 6 Israeli civilians were killed .

8. 2014: Gaza War ( Operation Protective Edge)

✔️ In 2014 , another major war broke out between Israel and Hamas , which was called Operation Protective Edge It is said.
✔️ this war is almost Lasted for 50 days and in the More than 2,200 Palestinians and 73 Israelis were killed .
✔️ Much of Gaza’s infrastructure was destroyed , but Hamas still maintained its grip on power.

9. 2021: Israel -Hamas Conflict 2021

 In May 2021 , tensions between Hamas and Israel escalated following the Al-Aqsa Mosque Struggle for 11 days It happened.
✔️ Hamas defeated Over 4,000 rockets were fired at Israel , while Israel launched air strikes in Gaza Hundreds of airstrikes ✔️
​ In this struggle 250 Palestinians and 13 Israelis were killed .

10. 2023: October 7 attacks and Israeli response

✔️ On October 7 , 2023 , Hamas A major attack on Israel , killing more than
1,200 Israelis . ✔️ In response , Israel Launched unprecedented air and ground attacks on Gaza .
✔️ In this struggle Thousands of Palestinian civilians were killed and the situation in Gaza became critical .
✔️ This fight is still going on and deep concern is being expressed about it at the international level.

conclusion

 Hamas has launched a military offensive in the Palestine-Israel conflict Important Role I have done it.
✔️ Its armed conflicts , suicide attacks and rocket attacks have often sparked violence in the region.
✔️ The wars between Hamas and Israel Killed thousands of people and created a severe humanitarian crisis in Gaza .
✔️ Recently , the 2023 Hamas–Israel war has drawn worldwide attention to this issue.

International Recognition and Controversy

Detailed description of International Recognition & Controversy of Hamas

Regarding Hamas​ There are considerable differences at the international level Some countries consider it a Legitimate political organizations , while many others consider it Terrorist organizations Let us give you an agreement. Its Recognition , sanctions , support and controversy Depends on the approach of different countries and organizations.

1. International Recognition of Hamas

Hamas is globally recognized by various countries and organizations Recognition has been done in different ways . It can be divided into three major groups:

A. Countries that consider Hamas a terrorist organization

Many Western and some other countries support Hamas Terrorist Organization and have imposed sanctions against it.

 United States of America ( USA) – America declared Hamas a terrorist organization in
1997. 🔴 European Union ( EU) – The European Union declared Hamas a terrorist organization in
2003. 🔴 United Nations ( UN) – The UN does not officially list Hamas as a terrorist organization , but criticizes its attacks.
🔴 Israel – Israel considers Hamas its biggest enemy and has declared it a full-fledged terrorist organization.
🔴 Canada , Japan , Australia and the United Kingdom – These countries have also declared Hamas a terrorist organization.

These countries believe that Hamas conducts attacks against civilians , suicide bombings, and denies the existence of Israel .

B. Countries that support or legitimize Hamas

Some countries support Hamas a legitimate political and resistance organisation I accept it and give it my open support.

🟢 Iran – Iran is the biggest supporter of Hamas and provides it with military and financial aid.
🟢 Qatar – Qatar has given Hamas economic aid and political support.
🟢 Turkey – Turkey has given asylum to Hamas leaders and recognizes it as a legitimate political party.
🟢 Russia – Russia does not consider Hamas a terrorist organization and has also held talks with its leaders.
🟢 Syria and Lebanon – Pro-Hamas groups are active in these countries , especially the Hezbollah organization in Lebanon.

These countries argue that Hamas is a resistance organization fighting for Palestinian independence .

C. Countries whose stance is neutral or mixed

 China – China has not declared Hamas a terrorist organization , but also maintains good relations with Israel.
⚪ India – India has not officially declared Hamas a terrorist organization , but has condemned Hamas’s terrorist attacks.
⚪ United Nations ( UN) – The UN does not consider Hamas a terrorist organization , but criticizes its attacks.

2. Major Controversies Related to Hamas

Several controversies surrounding Hamas remain of international concern. The main aspects of these controversies are described below.

A. Conflict and war with Israel

 There have been many wars and clashes between Hamas and Israel.
✔️ Hamas defeated Thousands of rocket attacks were carried out on Israel in 2008, 2012, 2014 and 2021 , in response to which Israel carried out major military attacks on Gaza.
✔️ On 7 October 2023, Hamas launched a rocket attack on Israel The biggest attack was made , which resulted in heavy fighting between both the sides.

 Israel claims: Hamas is a terrorist organization and its aim is to destroy the Jewish state.
📌 Hamas claims: It is fighting for Palestinian independence and counter-attacks against Israeli aggression.

B. Suicide attacks and attacks on civilians

✔️ In the 1990s and 2000s , Hamas launched a campaign in Israel Many suicide attacks were carried out , in which hundreds of people were killed.
✔️ In recent years , Hamas has increasingly targeted Israel Rocket and missile attacks , which caused many civilian casualties.
✔️ Israel and the West are Terrorism , while Hamas considers it Armed resistance He says.

C. Governance and human rights violations in the Gaza Strip

✔️ Since 2007, Hamas has Full control over the Gaza Strip I have done it.
✔️ There are allegations that Hamas Suppressed political opponents , limited freedoms and violated human rights .
✔️ According to some reports , Hamas imprisoned or tortured Fatah supporters and opponents.

D. international economic sanctions

 The US , the European Union and other Western countries have targeted Hamas Economic sanctions have been imposed , which makes it difficult to obtain financial assistance.
✔️ Israel and Egypt’s blockade of Gaza is also a big problem for Hamas.
✔️ Nevertheless , Hamas Financial and military support comes from Iran , Turkey and Qatar .

E. Power struggle between Hamas and the Palestinian Authority ( PA)

 There are political differences between
Hamas and the Palestinian Authority ( PLO) . ✔️ In 2007 , there was a conflict between the two organizations , in which Hamas takes over Gaza and drives out Fatah .
✔️ The Palestinian Authority , which governs the West Bank , does not support Hamas and supports negotiations with Israel.

Conclusion​

 The world is divided into two parts regarding Hamas – some countries consider it a terrorist organization , while some consider it a freedom fighter organization.
✔️ The US , the European Union and Israel have declared it a terrorist organization , while Iran , Qatar and Turkey support it.
✔️ Activities of Hamas , especially Suicide attacks and rocket attacks have been internationally controversial
. ✔️ Hamas’ rule over Gaza and its conflict with the Palestinian Authority is also a major issue.
✔️ In recent years Escalating conflict between Israel and Hamas has made the dispute even more complicated.

Current influence of Hamas

Detailed description of the current influence of Hamas

Hamas is currently involved in the Palestine-Israel conflict A major strength This organization is not only gaza strip exercises complete control over the International , regional and military levels Its influence is also increasing. In recent years , especially 7 October 2023 attacks Following the , Hamas has come to the center of global politics.

1. Hamas’ Control Over Gaza Strip

✔️ Since 2007 , Hamas has Full control over the Gaza Strip I have done it.
✔️ The Palestinian Authority ( PA) rules only in the West Bank , while Gaza is ruled by Hamas.
✔️ Hamas controls the entire security
, administration , police and other government functions of Gaza . ✔️ However , Israel and Egypt have A strict blockade has been imposed to control the borders of Gaza , due to which the situation there has turned into a humanitarian crisis.

2. Regional Influence of Hamas

Hamas’s influence is not limited to Gaza , but it also has influence throughout the Middle East.

A. Relations with Iran and Hezbollah

 To Hamas Military and financial aid from Iran It is available.
✔️ based in lebanon Hezbollah There are strong ties between the organization and Hamas.
✔️ Both organizations Anti-Israel policy work together and support each other.

B. Relations with Arab countries

✔️ Hamas from Qatar and Turkey Political and financial support It is available.
✔️ Saudi Arabia and Egypt previously supported it , but now they view it with suspicion.
✔️ Egypt has held talks with Hamas leaders several times , but maintains tight control over Gaza’s borders.

3. Recent Conflict with Israel

A. 7 October 2023 attack and its consequences

✔️ On October 7 , 2023 , Hamas launched a major attack on Israel , in which More than 1,200 Israeli civilians and soldiers were killed .
✔️ this attack This happened in the form of thousands of rockets , infiltration of armed fighters and attacks on civilians .
✔️ In response , Israel launched fierce attacks on Gaza , killing thousands of Palestinians.
✔️ in Gaza because of this war A massive humanitarian crisis arose , and tensions increased throughout the region.

B. 2023-24 war and global response

 Israel to destroy Hamas Massive air and ground attacks were carried out in Gaza .
✔️ The US and European countries supported Israel , while many Muslim countries sided with Hamas.
✔️ United Nations and other human rights organizations in Gaza Mounting civilian casualties But they are expressing concern.
✔️ The war continues even in 2024 , increasing instability throughout the Middle East.

4. Global Support & Opposition to Hamas

A. Countries in support of Hamas

🟢 Iran , Turkey , Qatar , Lebanon , Syria – these countries have supported Hamas.
🟢 Russia and China – these countries do not consider Hamas a terrorist organization and to some extent justify its struggle against Israel.

B. Countries opposing Hamas

 America , Israel , European Union , Canada , Australia , Japan , India – these countries consider Hamas a terrorist organization and have imposed sanctions against it.
🔴 United Nations – does not consider Hamas a terrorist organization , but criticizes its attacks.

5. Political Influence of Hamas

 Hamas is a major player in Palestinian politics Vital strength It is made up.
✔️ Gaza is completely ruled by Hamas , while the West Bank is Palestinian Authority ( PLO) ✔️ In 2006 , Hamas controlled
 The Palestinians won the elections , but no elections were held after that.
✔️ In 2021 , Palestinian elections were scheduled to be held , but President Mahmoud Abbas canceled them , further increasing the power of Hamas.

6. Economic & Financial Influence of Hamas

 Hamas is subject to economic sanctions , making it difficult to raise funds.
✔️ It is imported from Iran , Qatar and Turkey Financial assistance It is available.
✔️ Hamas Tax collection , smuggling and trade in Gaza It also raises funds through.
✔️ Israel and the United States Many steps have been taken to stop the financial supply to Hamas .

7. Future Influence of Hamas

 Will the conflict between Hamas and Israel continue ?
✔️ After the 2023-24 war , Hamas suffered major losses , but it was not completely destroyed.
✔️ Israel has vowed to wipe out Hamas , but that seems impossible because it An ideological and military organization it is.
✔️ The existence of Hamas Will depend on the support of Iran , Qatar and Turkey .

 Will Hamas decide the future of Palestine ?
✔️ Hamas is a major player in Palestinian politics The organization will remain strong .
✔️ If Palestinian elections are held , Hamas may gain more support.
✔️ Peace talks between Israel and the Palestinian Authority are unlikely , allowing Hamas to retain influence.

 Conclusion​

✔ ️ Hamas currently rules the Gaza Strip , but faces international opposition and economic sanctions.
✔ ️ The 7 October 2023 attack and the subsequent war have brought Hamas back to the center of global politics .
✔ ️ The US and Europe have declared it a terrorist organization , while Iran , Turkey and Qatar support it .
✔ ️ The future of Hamas Its conflict with Israel will depend on Palestinian politics and regional support .
✔️ Instability and conflict are likely to continue in the Middle East in the years to come .

Reference

“Hamas: Politics, Charity, and Terrorism in the Service of Jihad” by Matthew Levitt

Journal of Palestine Studies